Plant Names

The names are presented in alphabetical order of scientific name followed by the currently accepted common name. 

Scientific Names

Typically the scientific name is written in two-part or binomial format (genus and species) but the name may have a range of other annotations which the user will need to interpret.  The categories below explain most of these variations and annotations. 

subsp. - a sub-species
Plant species are often further divided into sub-species. These are entities which have distinguishing features which are not considered to be great enough to raise them to the level of species. Sub-species often represent geographical or ecological variants of the species.  For example, Drosera peltata subsp. peltata differs from Drosera peltata subsp. auriculata in its hairy sepals and preference of poorly-drained soils.  

var. - a variety
Varieties are also subdivisions of a species and in general these subdivisions are considered to be more subtle than those for sub-species. In fact there are sometimes varieties of sub-species. Often, however, it is difficult to assess why a subdivision has been called a variety instead of a sub-species. For example, the difference between the three varieties of Boronia nana are linked to the number of leaflets and the hairiness of leaves. 

s.l. and s.s.  - sensu lato and sensus stricto
These terms mean 'in the broad sense' and 'in the strict sense'. They are usually applied when a species has been split into more than one species. For example, E. baxteri s.l. was once considered to be a variable species with large forest forms and smaller, almost mallee forms. The smaller form has now been named E. arenacea so that E. baxteri s.s. is always a forest tree while records for E. baxteris s.l. may be of either. The biggest problem with the application of these terms to geographical records is when data has been collected before the time when the species have been split. 

spp. agg.  - species aggregate
Sometimes a single name is assigned to what botanists know is a group, or aggregate of species that have not yet been formally described. When the individual species are described the original name is sometimes maintained with the suffix spp. agg.  so that older records can at least be assigned to a narrower group than a genus.  For example, Craspedia glauca spp. agg. is the collective name used for a range of species which are found from the alps to the coast. The name Craspedia glauca no longer applies to any of the species which have been split from the group. 

sp. aff. and aff. and parentheses - species affinities
When a new species has been discovered but not yet formally described, it is often referred to by using the name of the species with which it has its greatest affinities (hence sp. aff.). For example, there is an undescribed species of Commersonia in eastern Victoria which looks very much like the NSW plant Commersonia fraseri, and since it has not yet been given a name of its own it is referred to as Comersonia sp. aff. fraseri
Similarly when a new botanical entity has been discovered but it is not clear whether it represents a new species, a new sub-species or new variety, then the sp. aff. annotation is truncated simply to aff.  For example, Eucalyptus cinerea is small tree that grows in southern NSW but there is a small, isolated population of a similar tree that grows near Beechworth in Victoria. At the moment botanists are uncertain whether this tree is indeed true E. cinerea or a Victorian sub-species or even a new species in its own right so for the time being it is called Eucalyptus aff. cinerea (Beechworth).
Finally, for most undescribed taxa it has become customary to put a place name or ecological type in parentheses after the name.

x and X - hybrids
Often, two closely related species will interbreed to create a hybrid. This is usually indicated by naming the new entity with a combination of the two parent names. For example, Amyema pendula x quandong is a hybrid between Amyema pendula and Amyema quandong. The lower case 'x' is an indication that the entity is a hybrid.

Sometimes, it is found that a formally described species is actually a hybrid between two other (usually closely related) species. In such cases an upper case 'X' is inserted between the genus and species names. 
For example, the orchid Thelymitra X macmillanii is a hybrid between Thelymitra antennifera and Thelymitra megcalyptra.

When it is discovered that a formally described species is actually a hybrid between two species, each from a different genus, this is indicated by placing an upper case 'X' at the beginning of the name
For example, the orchid X Calassodia tutelata is a hybrid between Glossodia major and Caladenia deformis. 

Common Names

While the scientific name will tend to have some broad acceptance within the botanical community the common names of plants - unlike those of birds - do not conform to any state or national standard - although the DSE nomenclature does follow a number of set rules and is the beginning of a standardised nomenclature.  As a consequence there will often be many other common names in use for these species, particularly if the species is found in other states.